ABDOU, S.M.M.; FARRAG, F.R.M.; EL-AKRAM, M.F.I. AND ASHRY, M.R.K.( 2011). (WATER RELATIONS AND YIELD OF WHEAT UNDER DIFFERENT N FERTILIZER FORMS AND SCHEDULING IRRIGATION). J. Soil Sci. and Agric. Eng. Mansoura Univ., Vol.2 (1):25 -41, January 2011.
Abstract: Field experiment was conducted at Tamia Agric., Res., Station, Fayoum, Egypt during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons to study the effect of N fertilizer forms, i.e. F1: organic form as chicken manure (FYM), F2: bio-fertilizer (biogena)+ 37.5 kg N/fed, as mineral fertilizer and F3: mineral N fertilizer form at the rate of 75 kg N/fed (as ammonium nitrate 33.0% N) and scheduling irrigation treatments, i.e. I1: irrigation at 0.8 cumulative pan evaporation (C.P.E.), I2: irrigation at 1.0 and I3: irrigation at 1.2 C.P.E. on yield, yield components and some water relations of wheat crop (Giza 168 cv.). A split-plot design with four replications was used in both seasons.
The main obtained results were as follows:
1.Using mineral N form and irrigation at 1.2 C.P.E. gave the highest averages of spike numbers/m2, 1000-grain weight, grain yield/fed. (2347.39 and 2505.00 kg/ fed) and straw yield (2868.4 and 3061.03 kg/fed) in the two successive seasons, but plant height was affected significantly in the second season only. The lowest averages of yield and its components were obtained from using FYM fertilizer form and irrigation at 0.8 C.P.E., in both seasons.
2.Seasonal consumptive use (ETC) averaged 39.23 and 41.83 cm in 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons, respectively. The highest ETC values, i.e. 44.12 and 46.36 cm were recorded with the interaction (F3I3), whereas the lowest values as 35.65 and 38.05 cm resulted from the interaction (F1I1) in 2008/2009 and 2009/2010, respectively.
3.Daily ETC rates were low during Nov. and Dec., then increased during Jan. and Feb., to reach its maximum values during March and then declined again at April till harvesting. The values of daily ETC decreased due to organic or bio-fertilizer forms in the two growing season's months. The crop coefficient (KC) values (averages of the two seasons) were 0.53, 0.61, 0.70, 0.79, 0.93, 0.61 and 0.52 for, Nov., Dec., Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr. and May, respectively.
4.The highest water use efficiency, i.e. 1.27 and 1.29 kg grain/m3 water consumed were obtained from (F3I3) treatment in 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons, respectively.
Keywords: (Wheat yield, yield components, N fertilizer forms, scheduling irrigation, water relations.)
