Raafat N, Zaki and Tharwat E, E, Radwan( 2011). Improving Wheat Grain Yield and Its Quality under Salinity Conditions at a Newly
Reclaimed Soil by Using Different Organic Sources as Soil or Foliar Applications.
Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 7(1): 42-55, 2011 ISSN 1995-0748
Abstract: A field experiment was carried out on a newly reclaimed saline soil at Sahl El-Tina, Sinai, Egypt, cultivated with wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Sakha 93), during the winter growing season of 2009/2010 .To study the effect of soil inoculation with Azotobacter chroococum (NB) and amendment of soil with farm yard manure (FYM), at a rate of 10 ton/fed, individually or dually in combination with foliar spray of organic acids (i.e., salicylic acid, ascorbic acid, and proline), at a rate of 150 mg /L. The studied plant parameters were taken after 90 and 120 days from planting to define the changes in vegetative growth parameter (plant height, number of spikes, leaf area, dry weight), Harvest index and chemical constituents (chlorophyll a & b, carotene, total sugar, reducing contents , protein, and contents of N,P and K of leaves ). Results obtained revealed that applying of FYM and Azotobacter chroococum (NB) led to improve many of soil variables such as organic matter content, soil pH, soil salinity, EC and available NPK, with superiority for the combined treatment of (FYM+NB). The combination of (FYM+NB) under proline application exhibited the best results of vegetative growth parameters, wheat yield and its components. Foliar application of proline significantly increased the nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in wheat leaves. From the aforementioned results, it can be concluded that, the application of FYM and NB as soil application in combination with foliar application of organic acid (i.e., salicylic acid, ascorbic acid, and proline) increased wheat yield and its components as well as improved the nutritional status and quality of wheat grain grown on a newly reclaimed soil under salt stress condition, with relatively higher ability for increasing available micronutrients. FYM, NB solely or in combinations and foliar spray of organic compounds after 90 and 120 days from planting resulted in a highest number of bacterial cells than that recorded by the other treatments at two physiological stages of growth. On the other hand, the bacterial counts were significantly higher at the first period (after 90 days) than those of the second one (after 120 days from sowing).
Keywords: (Wheat, Organic acids, Organic sources, Salt stress, Azotobacter , newly reclaimed soil.)
