Swelem, A.A. ; Manal A. Hassan and E.A.M. Osman( 2015). Effect of Raised Bed Width and Nitrogen Fertilizer Level on Productivity and Nutritional Status of Bread Wheat. Egypt . J. of Appl. Sci., 30 (3) 2015 223-234
Abstract: A field trial was set up in farmers’ fields at Al-Zagazig district (Al - Sharkia Governorate, Egypt) during the two winter seasons, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 to find out the effect of planting method and nitrogen level on bread wheat. Effects of three raised bed widths (75, 100 and 120 cm ) and two nitrogen fertilization levels (120 & 180 kg ha-1 )were studied on wheat (Gemmiza 11 cv.). Sowing wheat on raised wide beds of 100 or 120 cm width gave the highest significant averages for No. of kernels spike-1, N, P and K uptake in wheat grain and straw as well as grain protein % of compared with the narrowest raised bed width (75 cm) in both seasons, and grain yield and harvest index in the 1st season. In addition, raised bed width of 100 cm led to significant improvement of 1000- kernels weight and kernels weight spike-1 , grain, straw and biological yield as well as harvest index compared to other treatments in the 2nd season only. Application of 180 kg N ha-1 gave the highest significant averages of grain number/ spike, grain yield and harvest index as well as N, P and K uptake in grain and straw in addition to grain protein contend with the lower nitrogen level (120 kg N ha-1) in both seasons. In addition the 180 N level resulted in significant increase of 1000 - kernels weight, kernels weight spike-1 and biological yield in the 1st season as well as spike number/ m2 in the 2nd season only. Sowing wheat on raised beds of 120 cm width and addition of 180 kg N ha-1 increased significantly wheat grain yield and its components as well as nutrient content of the grain and straw compared to the narrowed raised bed width (75 cm) and addition of 120 kg N ha-1 in both seasons. The widest raised bed width of 120 cm gave the best savings (14.5%) in irrigation water more than the treatment of 75 cm raised bed width in both seasons. This for wheat sown on raised bed at width of 100 cm compared to raised bed at width of 75 cm was 10 %, only.
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