Mohamedin, A.A.M., A.A. Abd El-Kader and Nadia M. Badran( 2006). Response of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to Plants Salt Stress under Different Water Table DepthsJournal of Apllied Sciences Research, 2(12): 1175-1184, 2006
Abstract: Field plot study was initiated to determine the effects of different soil types, i.e. different salt affected soil and soil water depth on growth of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) through the first 30 days. A field plots experiment were conducted in senores El-Fayoum governorate, through 12 soil profile in Four plots represented four different soil types i.e., Non saline, Saline, Saline Alkali and Alkaline soil with three different profile depth i.e. 110, 100 and 80 cm during the summer season of 2004-2005. The obtained results revealed that sunflower seeds of fedok cultivar could germinate under different salt affected soils. Salinity and/or alkalinity has both osmotic and specific ion effects as well as soil depth (water table depth) on plant growth. In present study, salt stress caused a significant decreases in the studied growth parameters as well as macro and micronutrients concentration. The negative effect of salinity and alkalinity on plant was due to osmotic potential by salt in the soil solution which reduced cell water required from soil solution. Therefore, in plants, the uptake of some nutrients dissolved in water were also restricted. Thus, growth and development of plants are inhibited
due to occurring defect in metabolism. Proline accumulation in response to different salt stresses was significantly increased in leaf tissues. High levels of Na+ inhibited the K+ concentration and as a result of this, it caused an increase in Na+/K+ ratio. This may be causes a disturbance in the ion balance in plant by an increase in the Na+ uptake, reflecting enhanced ion concentration in the leaves. In the light of the obtained results in this study, it could be said that the further studies by using new techniques should be carried out to reach more certain realistic results for its remediation the effect of salt stress in the soils.
Keywords: (Soil quality, Soil depth, Salinity levels, Sunflower vegetative stage, chlorophyll praline content)
