Amer, M. M( 2015). Effect Of Gypsum, Sugar Factory Lime And Molas On Some Soil Proprieties And Productivity Of Sugar Beet(Beta Vulgaris L.) Grown On Saline-Sodic
Soils Of Nile North Delta
J.Soil Sci. And Agric. Eng., Mansoura Univ., Vol. 6 (3): 385 - 401 , 2015
Abstract: Two field trials were carried out at the Experimental Farm, Sakha Agricultural Research Station, North Delta during the two successive winter growing seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014. The research aimed to study the of effect application of gypsum, mixture (byproduct of sugar factory lime treated by commercial H2SO4) and molas and their interaction on some salt affected soils properties, yield of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), field water use efficiency (FWUE) and their economic efficiency.The experiments were designed as split-split plot with three replicates. The main plots were occupied by gypsum, G (0, 5, 7.5, 10 Mg Fed.-1), sub plots were devoted to sugar lime mixture, SLM (0, 4, 6 MgFed-1) and the sub-sub plots were molas, M (0,30, 60 L Fed.-1).The results showed that the amendments addition clearly improved some chemical properties of the studied soil. The common parameters of saline sodic soil
i.e., EC, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) , exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) ,bulk density and hydraulic conductivity(H.C) were clearly improved by application of gypsum,. The results showed that combined treatments were more efficient than single one. Increase the rate of used gypsum led to a decrease in salinity as well as sodicity. The mean values of EC, SAR and ESP were decreased by-43.6%, -56.79% and -37.56%, respectively due to application of gypsum up to 10 Mg fed-1, as
compared to that without application. Application of sugar lime mixture (SLM) and molas had insignificant effect on soil ECe, SAR and ESP after the harvesting of sugar beet in both growing seasons. Data show that soil ECe, SAR and ESP recorded lowest value due to the interaction between G*SLM*M Percentage of Na-removed from the soils at the end of the experiment was about 51% due to the interaction between gypsum, sugar lime mixture and molas up to 10, 6 Mg fed.-1 and 60LFed.-1, respectively. On the other hand, the highest values of soil infiltration rate and hydraulic conductivity were found with the interaction between gypsum, SLM and molas as compared to the control.Roots , the top yields of sugar beet, sucrose (%) and extractable sugar yield were high significantly increased with application of gypsum up to 10 Mg fed-1 and/or with the interaction between all amendments during both growing seasons. Also, root N, Na and K % after harvesting, were high significantly increased due to the interaction between all amendments during both seasons. Sugar recovery and recoverable sugar yield were high significantly increased due to the interaction between all amendments. The highest net income values from water unit (1.93, 1.42 and 1.28 LE/m3 water) were obtained with the application of 10 Mg gypsum fed-1 , 6 Mg sugar lime mixture fed-1 and 30 L molas fed.- 1, respectively. The highest total and net income were recorded with the interaction between 10 Mg gypsum fed-1 , 6 Mg lime Fed-1 and 60 L Molas Fed.-1. The amendment can be arranged, due to its effect on root of sugar beet, total income, net income, Net efficiency from water unit and economic Eff. in the order of: G*SLM*M > G*SLM >G*M>G> SLM*M> SLM >M Finally, the most effective treatment was the interaction between G*SLM*M.
Keywords: (Salt-affected soils, soil conditioners, soil properties, sugar beet, sugar recovery, economical evaluation. )
