Foad. A. Khalil1*, Samiha A. Ouda 1 and Gamal El Afandi 2( 2012). Irrigation Scheduling To Increase Water Unit Productivity Of Wheat-Maize Rotation Under Climate Change ConditionsFayoum J. Agric. Res. & Dev., Vol. 26, No.2, July, 2012
Abstract: Irrigation scheduling according to comulated pan evaporation was used to increase water unit productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) rotation under two climate change scenarios. Three wheat varieties and two maize hybrids were planted in 2-yr field experiments. CropSyst model was calibrated and validated for the collected field data, then was used to assess the impact of two climate change scenarios (A2 and B2) and three adaptation strategies (early sowing changing, irrigation schedule and the interaction between them) in the year of 2038s. The results revealed that A2 reduced yield more than B2 scenario for both crops. High yield reduction in wheat-maize rotation could be expected under climate change conditions, where wheat and maize yield will be reduced by an average of 41 and 56%, respectively. The most effective adaptation strategy for wheat was sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 d, with irrigation water saving and no yield improvement under A2 scenario in both growing seasons. Whereas under B2 scenario yield improvement by 2% occurred with 3% saving in the applied irrigation water in the 1st growing season and in the 2nd growing season yield could improved by 8% with less than 1% increase in the applied irrigation water and higher water productivity. Changing irrigation schedule was an effective adaptation option for maize, where yield improvement could occur under both climate change scenarios in both growing seasons by up to 9% with less than 3% increase in the applied irrigation water and higher water productivity.
Keywords: (Pan evaporation technique, CropSyst, HadCM3, climate change scenarios, adaptation strategies.)
