Azza R. Abd El-Hamid*, Faten, A.AL–Kamar* and M.E. Husein**( 2013). Impact Of Some Soil Organic And Biofertilizers Amendments On The Fertility Status, Some Soil Properties, And Productivity Of Sandy SoilsJ. Soil Sci. And Agric. Eng. Mansoura . Univ. 4 (10) 2013.
Abstract: Sandy soils are generally in need of improvement of their low water and nutrients holding capacities, high infiltration rate and loss of added nutrients via deep excessive percolation which is mostly limited the productivity. Using Soil conditioners exert beneficial effect on the soil physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluatethe effect of applying some organic soil conditioners such as compost, humic acid and bio fertilizer (Bacillus Polymxa) either single or in combination on fertility status, soil some hydro physical properties as well as the productivity of sandy soil. To achieve these objectives, a field experiment was carried out on sandy textured soil under sprinkler irrigation system at Ismailia Agricultural Research Station and cultivated with wheat plants (Triticumvulgare) C.V. Giza 168 and peanut plants (Arachishypogaeal.) C.V. Giza 4, during the agricultural growing season of (2009/2010) and (2010), respectively. The experiment was designed statistically as a split plots with three replicates. The main plots were located for the biofetilization and the sub plots were devoted for the organic amendments types. The compost treatments were at rates of (2.5, 5, and 7.5 tonfed-1) and humic acid at rate of 5l fed-1 individually or incorporated with biofertilizer to a sandy soil. At the end of the growing seasons (i.e. after 6 and 4 months from plantation of wheat and peanut respectively) some hydro physical and chemical properties of the soil were determined. The obtained results revealed that application of eitherorganic amendments or bio fertilizer as individual or in combination achieved many of the beneficial effects on fertility status, the concentration of N, P, K, and the seed yields of wheat and peanut under investigation as well as soil hydro physical, with a significant superiority for the combined treatments. These effects are assembled in the following: (a) increasing available N, P, and K (b) increasing OM content in treated soil. Mixing soil conditioners together i.e. organic amendments and biofertilizer was more efficient in improving chemical properties of the soil than applying each of them alone. In this context, the maximum N, P and K contents, OM content were resulted from the high rate of compost (7.5 ton fed-1) combined with biofertilizers. (c) Increases in the contents of studied nutrients (N, P, and K) as well as yields of seed than control and those obtained when applying each of them solely, which amounted to 61.35% and 97.98% for N, 57.57% and 50% for P and 80.73% and 65.57% for K compared to the control at harvest of wheat and peanut, respectively. It's also noticed that yields significantly increased by increasing rate of organic fertilizer, which amounted to 1.50 times for wheat seed vs 1.95 times for peanut seed over control treatment by treating the soil with compost at rate of ( 7.5 tonfed-1), in sequence. Applied conditioners significantly improved the hydro physical properties of the soil. These include, (a) decreasing soil bulk density as well as macro porosity (drainage pores) on the expense of micro ones. Therefore, water holding pores were increased, (c) increasing retained moisture in the soil at all suctions under study (from 0 - 15 atm.(d), Decreasing soil hydraulic conductivity. Generally, mixing both types of soil conditioners together i.e. organic amendments and biofertilizer was more efficient in improving physico- chemical properties of the soil than applying each of them alone. Application rate of mixtures components is considered of the important factors that highly affect soil conditioning. Bio – Organic fertilizers application in agriculture will have greater impact on the control of environmental pollution, soil health improvement, and reduction in input use. So, we recommend using a mixture of selected effective microorganisms in combination with compost or humic acid in agriculture production.
Keywords: (Sandy soil; Bio-fertilizer; Composts; Humic acid; Soil properties; wheat; peanut crop.)
