Jacklin G. Sadek ( 2012). ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS EFFECT ON GROWTH, YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MAIZE PLANT (ZEA MAYS L.)Egypt . J. of Appl. Sci., 27 (1) 20-38
Abstract: Two fields' experiments were carried out at Kafr- El-Zayiat Center- Garbia Governorate at two successive seasons 2010-2011. The current work aimed to evaluate the effect of applied chicken manure and farmyard manure (FYM) at rate of 20m3/fed. as soil application before sowing. Also mineral nitrogen was added at five levels (0.0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the recommended amount of nitrogen) on growth and yield of two Egyptian Maize cultivars i-e Single hybrid 10 and Giza 2 and the content of macronutrients, crude protein and protein yield. Combined treatments also between organic manure and mineral nitrogen fertilizers levels were used to examine the effect of the integrated treated dose not only on the highest yield but also on rationalize mineral nitrogen fertilizer. The obtained data indicated that inorganic nitrogen levels of 100% surpassed the other different levels in increasing significantly dry weights of shoot, roots and whole plant for two varieties after 60 days from sowing. Improving significantly in yield and yield components, since the relative percentage of increases reached 175.36 and 147.83% for Single hybrid 10 and Giza 2 varieties, respectively as comparing with the control. Corresponding significant increases in macronutrients concentrations (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and their uptake in grains, likewise crude protein % in such organ. Such increases were accompanied with decreases those nutrients in straw for two genotypes. Positive significant effect on protein yield in grains and straw for two varieties as comparing with the control treatment. Data indicated that applying chicken manure and farmyard manure at rate of 20m3/fed. as soil application gave significantly increases prior parameters for both maize varieties as comparing with that of control. Application of 50% from the recommended dose of nitrogen fertilizer in combination with such organic fertilizer gained high significant improvement for all studied parameters for Single hybrid 10 and Giza2 cultivars a much greater extent more that full recommended dose of nitrogen fertilizer alone (100%). It could be concluded that organic manure can not be used an immediate substitute for N-mineral fertilizer, but it could be applied as supplement. The integrated effect of applied 50% recommended dose of nitrogen fertilizer plus chicken manure or farmyard manure could be an effective fertilization practice for saving 50% of nitrogen fertilizer-rate as well as increasing maize yield to a much greater extent more than 100% recommended dose of nitrogen fertilization used alone.
Keywords: ()
