Samira, E. Mahrous; Laila, K.M.Ali; Sherif, A.E.A and A.A. Khalil ( 2011). Influence of nitrogen fertilizer, tillage and crop rotation on N2O and CO2 emission, soil properties and crop production in a sandy soilJ. Biol. Chem. Environ. Sci., 2011 Vol. 6(3): 339-346 www.acepsag.org
Abstract: Tillage and nitrogen fertilizer management practices can have a profound impact on soil properties and nutrient availability. This study carried out from 2010 to 2011 in a sandy soil at Ismailia Research Station. The soil was fertilized beginning in May 2010, eleven N fertilization treatment were implemented (control, MF, compost , rice straw, bio fertilizer, MF+bio, compost+bio, rice+bio, compost+rice, compost + MF and rice straw+MF). N2O emissions were measured throughout peanut (Arachis hypogea, cv. Giza 6) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotations using close-chamber method. As a results in sandy soils N2O emissions were significantly different among all N treatments and with tillage system. CT had a significant effect on soil pH, OM, N, P, and K for surface soil and seed & grain yield, weight of 100-seed and plant content of NPK for peanut and wheat plants. Tillage followed by irrigation during the crop growing seasons drastically increased N2O & CO2 flux. Emission amounts varied with growing season which were greater for the (T10) during the peanut phase of the rotation than for T3 during wheat phase. Compost+biofertilizer treatment (T7) induced highly significant peanut seed yield and reduced cumulative season N2O emission by about 35% , while (T11) (rice straw + MF) induced reduction of wheat grain yield by about 10% in return of 28% cumulative season N2O emission. Therefore, for a fixed quantity of available N, the application of compost, rice straw alone or in combination with either biofertilizer or MF could result in higher N2O emission compared with the application of chemical fertilizer alone. Soil respiration was significantly affected by temperature during the peanut and wheat growing seasons. It can be concluded that, in this study, N2O emission was varied with type and application of nitrogen fertilizer. This work shows that the use of no-till and enhanced efficiency N fertilizers can potentially reduce N2O emission from irrigated system.
Keywords: (Nitrogen fertilizer, emission, tillage, peanut, wheat, sandy soil)
