Soha S.M. Mostafa, Eman A. Tantawy, Manal A.H. El Gamal and Abd El-Hady Kh. Abd El-Halim ( 2011). Effect of cyano- and endophytic-bacteria on wheat productivity under nitrogen limitation or irrigation regime in calcareous soilN. Egypt. J. Microbiol. Vol. 30, September
Abstract: Two field experiments were conducted on calcareous soil of Nubaria Agric. Res. Station, Agric. Res. Centre (ARC)-Egypt, on wheat crop. The first experiment was carried out to study the effect of cyanobacteria and endophytic bacteria inoculations either solely or in mixture on wheat productivity with half dose of nitrogen fertilization. Results revealed that soil enzymes activity and soil microbial density of wheat rhizosphere, after 75 days from wheat planting and after harvest, were affected by the inoculation with cyanobacteria and endophytic bacteria strains either sole or in combinations. N2-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena oryzae solely achieved the highest significant records of soil enzymes activity and soil microbial density. On the other side, some strains couldn't individually improve soil microbial parameters, but their performance positively improved when combined in mixtures. Results emphasized on the collaborative relationship between cyanobacteria and endophytic bacteria. The inoculation increased the biological activities in plant rhizosphere, dehydrogenase and nitrogenase enzymes as well as total bacterial, total cyanobacterial and N2-fixers bacterial counts. Consequently, the biological and grain yields of wheat were increased in addition to the NPK-contents of grains and straw as well as the available N-NO3 and N-NH4 in soil after harvest comparing to the control. While the second experiment was carried out to detect the influence of the mixed inoculation of cyanobacteria and/or endophytic bacteria on wheat production under different irrigation levels (100%, 75% and 50% of ETc). Results indicated that the biological treatments helped to save about 25% of irrigating water in calcareous soil and did not affect the productivity of wheat as compared with the control. The interactive effect between cyanobacteria and endophtic bacteria achieved the best results on the productivity of wheat and decrease the applied amount of Irrigation water.
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