Moursi, E.A; Iman, M.Soltan and E.A. Abo-Marzoka ( 2015). Effect of irrigation and bio-fertilizers on flax productivity, quality and some water relations in the North Middle Nile Delta Region.J. Agric. Res. Kafr El-Sheikh Univ., 41 (4), 1165 - 1191.
Abstract: Two field trials were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during the two successive winter growing seasons 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 to study the effect of irrigation (water stress conditions) and bio-fertilizers application on flax productivity , water relations, growth analysis and its attributes , yield components and chemical constituents. A split plot design with four replications was used in this present work, where the main plots were randomly assigned by irrigation treatments, I) which were I1(Traditional irrigation like practice by local farmers in the studied area, sowing irrigation +5 irrigations during the whole growing season), I2(Sowing irrigation +4 irrigations), I3 (Sowing irrigation +3 irrigations), I4(Sowing irrigation +2 irrigations only during the whole growing season).While, Sub-main plots were randomly assigned by bio-fertilizers application treatments which were bo (Control treatment, without inoculation of seeds), b1(inoculation flax seeds with phosphoreien) and b2 (inoculation flax seeds with Rhizobecterien).
The main results can be summarized as follows:-
The highest overall mean values for seasonal water applied (Wa) and water consumptive use (Cu) were recorded under irrigation treatment I1 and the values were 48.73cm. (2046.57m3/fed.) and 34.55 cm (1451.21m3/fed.), respectively. Meanwhile, the lowest overall mean values for (Wa) and (Cu) were recorded under irrigation treatment I4 and the values were 19.10cm.(802.13m3/fed.) and 16.19cm.(679.65m3/fed.), respectively. Also, data illustrated that the values of (Cu) were affected by bio-fertilizers application, while, the highest overall mean values were recorded under b2 in comparison with other treatments of bio-fertilization under all irrigation treatments. Regarding some water efficiencies, consumptive use efficiency (Ecu,%),water productivity(WP, kg/m3) and productivity of irrigation water (PIW, kg/m3).The highest overall mean values were recorded under irrigation treatment I4 and the values are 84.73%for Ecu and 0.82 kg/m3 for WP and 0.70 kg/m3 for PIW for seeds while, for straw yield the values are 2.14kg/m3 for WP and 1.81kg/m3 for PIW. Meanwhile, the lowest overall mean values for Ecu, WP and PIW were recorded under irrigation treatment I1. Generally, the values of ECU, WP and PIW can be descended in order I4>I3>I2>I1 in the two growing seasons. Concerning, the effect of bio-fertilizers application, the highest overall mean values were recorded under b2 in comparison with b1 and b0.Generally, the values of ECU, WP and PIW can be descended in order b2>b1>b0.The results also indicated that the mean values of dry matter production (g/plant), leaf area (cm2/plant), total chlorophyll, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate seed yield (kg)/fed.) ,straw yield(ton/fed.),fiber yield (kg/fed.),oil yield(kg/fed.),fiber%, oil% and crude protein % attributes, technological characteristics, seed oil(%), seed oil yield (kg/fed.), fiber yield (kg/fed.), fiber (%),Crude protein in seeds (%),were significantly affected by both irrigation treatments and bio-fertilizers application, where, the highest mean values were recorded under irrigation treatment I1 (5 irrigations through the season otherwise, sowing irrigation) and bio-fertilizers application b2(Rhizobecterien application) in comparison with other treatments.
Concerning, the interaction effect between irrigation and bio-fertilizers application (Ixb).All the interactions for all the studied parameters showed significant and highly significant effect except; total chlorophyll and net assimilation rate showed not significant effect in the two growing seasons, while relative growth rate at 95 days after planting are not significant affect in the first growing season only .
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