Rania M. El-Shal, H. A. Khafagy and A.M.A. Abd El-Hady( 2015). Evaluation of Open Drain and Soil Amendments on Availablity Nutrients and Productivity of Rice and Wheat Under Newly Reclamied Saline SoilMinufiya J. Agric. Res. Vol.40 No. 6:2015
Abstract: Two field experiments were conducted in the clay saline sodic soil of the Sahl
El-Hussinia Agriculture Research Station, El-Sharkia Governorate Egypt, during summer 2014 and winter 2014/2015, to study the effect of different spaces drainage of drain open system with or without soil amendments i.e. (gypsum and compost alone or together) on soil properties and fertility and rice or wheat productivity and quality. In this study either of gypsum or compost were added at 5 ton/fed as alone application and at rate of 2.5 ton/fed of each them together the effect of soil amendments treatments were carried out under three drainage space of open drain system (10, 15 and 25 m). Rice, Sakh 104 variety and wheat, Masr 2 were used as test plants. The experimental design was split plot with three replicates. Results showed that application of gypsum and compost alone or in together resulted in a
decreased soil pH and EC soil under (10 and 15 m) drainage space than that at space 25 m. In addition, the effect of applying soil amendments under drainage space of 10 and 15 m resulted in an increase in the soil content of available N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn in saline sodic clay soil compared with control. Straw and grains yield of rice and wheat weight of and also, the weight of 1000 grains were significant increase as affected by soil amendments application except the straw yield of wheat where this increase was no significant. As well as, the effect of drain space system on grain yield (ton/fed) and 1000 grain (g) for wheat crop was significant increase, while straw yield, grain yield (ton/fed) and 1000 grains were no significant for rice crops. In addition, all treatments under study resulted, the space of drain system alone or combined with soil amendments in an increase of the protein (%) and N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn concentration in grains of both rice and wheat plants with their resulted a decrease proline (μg/g.dwt) content under decrease of space drain condation. The application of soil amendments (gypsum or compost alone and together under drainage space system 10 and 15 m led to improve the saline soil properties , its fertility and productivity of rice or wheat quality.
Keywords: (Saline sodic Soils, soil amendments, Rice and wheat productivity, open drain space system.)
