O. S. Gendy( 2013). Effect Of Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers On Wheat
Yield And Some Soil Properties At El- Behera Governorate
J. Biol. Chem. Environ. Sci., 2013, Vol. 8(3):537-553
Abstract: A Field experiment was conducted in a sandy soil at El Nagah Village, El-Behera Governorate, during the winter season 2010/ 2011, to study the effect of applying organic fertilizer as compost with five rates (zero, 3, 6 , 9 and 12 ton/fed.), as well as inorganic (mineral) fertilizers of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and Zinc with four rates (zero, N, NPK and NPKZn) of the optimum recommended rates for Egyptian wheat fertilization and their interaction effects on wheat yield [Sakha 94 ( C.V. Triticum aestivum L. )]. Also, the residual effects of these fertilizers on some soil properties were studied. The obtained results revealed that - Application of both organic and inorganic fertilizers individually or and combination significantly increased dry matter (g /plant), grains and straw yield (ton/fed.) as wellas1000 wheat grains weight (g). - Addition of 9 ton compost/ fedden with NPKZn fertilizers of the optimum recommended rates recorded the best doses of increasing (38.69%, 86.05 % and 26.18 % over the control) for dry matter (g /plant) , grains yield (ton/fed.) and 1000 wheat grains weight (g), respectively. While, the highest increasing percentage of straw yield (ton/fed.) was 70.95 % over the control with 12 ton compost/ fedden and NPKZn fertilizers of the optimum recommended rates. - Accumulation of N, P, K and Zn of wheat grains were significantly increased with increasing of both organic and inorganic fertilizers sources individually or and combination. Organic fertilizer was more significantly for N, P and Zn concentration than inorganic one, especially over 6 ton compost/ fed. Conversely, in case of K concentrations, inorganic fertilizers were more significantly. - Addition of 9 ton compost/ fedden with NPKZn fertilizers of the optimum recommended rates recorded the superior increasing for N, P, K and Zn concentrations of wheat grains by (70.98%, 68.05 %, 88.89% and 121.18 % over the control, respectively).So, wheat fertilization by organic and inorganic fertilizers with the optimum recommended rates increased the wheat yield and its quality which play an important role of human health.
- Addition of 9 ton compost/ fedden with the optimum recommended rates of NPKZn fertilizers was the best dose to improve most of the soil properties such as soil pH which decreased from 7.85 to
7.33; this may be due to the decomposition of organic matter and
the activities of microorganisms which produce organic acids causing a decrease of soil pH. The decrease in soil pH made the micronutrients more soluble and available for plant uptake. Organic matter contents were increased by 87.9 % over the control. Also the effect of applying organic and inorganic
fertilizers decreased bulk density. Calcium carbonate percentage
(CaCO3 %) decreased with increasing of applying organic and inorganic fertilizers. This decrease may be due to the invigoration of biological activities which produce acidic substances that caused a decrease in CaCO3 % (carbonation process)- The highest concentrations of N, P, K and Zn in the studied soil were obtained by applying the treatment of 12 ton compost/ fedden with the optimum recommended rates of NPKZn fertilizers.
The previous results showed that, under the same condition of the studied soils which poor in organic matter contents and it nutrients contents and needs to application of fertilizers for wheat
production.This study recommended that addition of 9 ton compost / fedden with the optimum recommended rates of NPKZn fertilizers, gave the best results of wheat production and improve some soil
properties.
Keywords: (Organic fertilizer, Inorganic fertilizers, Recommended, rates, Compost. )
