Moahmed,, Fatten M..;; A..A..M.. Mohamediin and M..M..A.. Reda( 2011). Sustainable Improvement Of Al-Arish Soils,, North Sinai Condition By Shale With Bio-Organic Technique And The Impact On Corn CropEgypt. J. Of Appl. Sci., 26(3) 2011 16-35
Abstract: The main objective of this investigation was to study the effect of applied mixtures of shale combined with some organic composts of plants residues, i.e., broad bean straw, rice straw and corn stalks at the rate of 15 tons/fed by weight in different ratios (1:2, 1:1 and 2:1) and biofertilization with a mixture of Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megatherium var. phosphatecum and Bacillus circulans in addition to 75% of the recommended mineral N, P and K fertilizer doses, on some physical, biological and chemical properties of a tested sandy soil at the experimental Farm of Al-Arish Agriculture Res. Station, North Sinai, as well as the productions of corn plants during two successive seasons of 2008 and 2009, as compared to the control (full doses of the recommended N, P and K fertilizers) and uninoculated treatments. Application of different combination ratios (1:2, 1:1 and 2:1) for shale and organic composts supported with inoculation treatment, improved the physical and biological properties of the tested soil, i.e. clay and silt percentage, bulk density (B.D), hydraulic conductivity (H.C), total porosity (T.P), available water (A.W), total microbial count,
densities of Azospirillum sp., Bacillus megatherium var. phosphaticum and Bacillus circulans, N2-ase activity and dehydrogenase activity. Also, the chemical properties i.e., pH, ECe, O.M and available N, P and K in the cultivated soil were favored, except ECe as compared with the control due to applying all treatments of shale and such composts together after corn harvestings in both two seasons. The yields of corn plants as well as the contents of N, P and K in grains were markedly improved upon the application of these soil amendments and biofertilization. In general, the best treatment was a mixture of both shale and composted broad bean, particularly at ratio (1:2) in the presence of biofertilization with a mixture of Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megatherium and Bacillus circulans as well as 75% of the recommended mineral N, P and K fertilizer doses as compared with the other treatments.
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