Noreldin, T and M. SH.M. Mahmoud( 2017). Evaluation of some Wheat Genotypes under Water Stress Conditions in Upper EgyptJ. Soil Sci. and Agric. Eng., Mansoura Univ., Vol. 8(6): 257 – 265.
Abstract: Response of eighteen Egyptian wheat genotypes to both full irrigation (100%ETc) and deficit irrigation (60%ETc) were
evaluated to identify water stress effects on yield and yield components. The field experiments were conducted in Assuit
Research Station, Assuit Governorate, Egypt, during 2013/14 and 2014/15 winter growing seasons. Five stress tolerance indices
were assessed, namely Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Stress Tolerance (TOL), Stress
Susceptibility Index (SSI) and Stress Tolerance Index (STI) to evaluate the response of the tested 18 wheat genotypes to imposed
water stress. In addition, water productivity (WP), water consumptive use (WCU) and water use efficiency (WUE) for the studied
genotypes were considered. The experimental design was stripe block design, where the irrigation treatments were in the main
plots and genotypes were allocated in the sub plots. The obtained results indicate that all the evaluated characteristics responded
significantly to the adopted irrigation treatments, genotypes and their interactions. The means of all genotypes significantly
decreased for most characters in the two growing seasons under deficit irrigation. Based on drought indices MP, GMP, STI, Line
5 was identified as the suitable genotype under water stress conditions due to lower values for TOL and SSI indices. Total
applied irrigation amount was 2722 m3fed-1 under full irrigation condition, and 1633 m3fed-1 under stress conditions, and the
corresponding WCU values were 2042 and 1225 m3fed-1, respectively. WUE values exhibited a reverse trend, where higher
values were recorded for deficit irrigation condition. It is evident that genotype 5 is potentially water use efficient. Furthermore,under full and deficit irrigation, genotype 5 expressed the highest yield and WP surpassing the commercial varieties. So, such
genotype is more suitable for full irrigation and water stress conditions compared with other tested genotypes as well as possessing high values for MP, GMP, STI and expressed low values for SSI and TOL indices.
Keywords: (Wheat genotypes, Water stress, Drought indices, Water productivity Water Use Efficiency.)
