Shaban Kh. A. H., Ghada A. Abdel-Kader and Seham M. Abd El-Aziem( 2019). RESPONSE OF TWO WHEAT CULTIVARS TO COMPOST APPLICATION IN SALINE SOILSMenoufia J. Soil Sci., Vol. 4 December (2019) : 219 – 236
Abstract: Tow field experiments were conducted on a saline clay soil in Village El-Rowad in Sahl El-Hussinia, El-Sharkia, and Governorate. The location lies between latitude 32° / 00 to 32° / 15, N and longitude 30° / 50 to 31° / 15 E. For two successive winter seasons 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 cultivated with two wheat (Triticium aestivum cv.) cultivars, to study the effect of soil salinity levels and compost on some soil chemical properties growth and grain yields of both cultivars wheat (Masr1 and Sakha 93). In two seasons, each experiment was carried out in split plot design with four replicates. Results obtained that, the decreases of soil salinity for soil treated with compost after wheat Sakha 93 harvest. The decrease of soil salinity in the soil cultivated by Sakh 93 was higher than that found in the soil cultivated by wheat Masr1 respectively. On the other hand, the soil pH values were decreased from 8.7 to 7.98 in first season and 8.02 to 7.90 in second season as a result of compost applications. Also, the soil contents of available the N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn available in soils were increases with decreasing soil salinity in both seasons as a result of compost application. Plant length (cm); spike length (cm); No. of tiller/plant; No. of leaves/plant and No. of spike /plant were decreases with increasing soil salinity level, where these decreases with the plants of Sakha 93 cultivar were higher than theses found with the plants of Masr 1 cultivar. The application of compost to the soil had a decreased effect on wheat yield and yield components i.e. weight of spike/plant (g), weight of grains/spikes (g), weight of 1000 grins (g), straw yield and grains yield (ton/fed). In addition compost applications resulted in an increase of wheat plants uptake of N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn where, the content of these nutrients in grains Sakha 93 than Masr1 varieties wheat. The effect of saline soil different levels on wheat varieties quality i.e. Carbohydrate (%), protein and chlorophyll (mg g-1 f.w.) were increased decrease of soil salinity especially Sakha 93 with or without compost than Masr1 in both sessions while the proline (mg g-1.f.w), content in grains of wheat plants was increases with increasing soil salinity level without compost .
Recommendation:
The obtained data concluded that, the application of compost led to improve soil salinity properties and increase of wheat cultivar Sakha 93 productivity and its quality compared by Masr1 cultivar under saline soil conditions.
Keywords: (Soil salinity, Compost, Wheat varieties , productivity , quality.)
